How To: Maintain Your Window AC

Everyone overlooks the care of their Window AC until it is 100 degrees outside and all of a sudden it stops working. Performing regular maintenance on a window air conditioner (AC) ensures its efficiency, extends its lifespan, and improves air quality.

1. Turn Off the Power

Before performing any maintenance, unplug the unit or turn off the circuit breaker to ensure safety.

2. Clean or Replace the Air Filter

The air filter is one of the most critical components to clean and maintain.

• Remove the air filter: Depending on your unit, it may be easily removable from the front of the AC.

• Clean the filter:

  • Wash with warm, soapy water: If it’s washable, rinse it with warm water and a mild detergent to remove dirt, dust, and debris.

  • Use a vacuum: If the filter is very dirty, you can also use a vacuum cleaner with a soft brush attachment to remove excess dirt.

• Dry thoroughly: Let the filter dry completely before reinserting it into the unit.

• Replace the filter: If the filter is too damaged, clogged, or worn out, replace it with a new one (refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for the correct size).

Frequency: Clean the filter at least every 30 days during peak usage seasons (summer). If you have pets or live in a dusty environment, cleaning it more frequently is recommended.

3. Clean the Coils (Evaporator and Condenser)

Both the evaporator and condenser coils collect dirt over time, reducing efficiency and airflow. Cleaning them can help maintain optimal cooling performance.

• Evaporator Coil (Inside):

  • The evaporator coil is located inside the air conditioner, often near the filter.

  • Use a vacuum cleaner: Gently vacuum the evaporator coil to remove dust.

  • Clean with a brush: You can use a soft-bristle brush to clean the coil fins.

  • Apply coil cleaner: If there's heavy buildup, you may need to use a commercial coil cleaner. Follow the instructions on the product for safe application and cleaning.

• Condenser Coil (Outside):

  • The condenser coil is located at the back or bottom of the AC unit.

  • Vacuum or brush: Use a vacuum or a soft brush to remove any dust or debris on the condenser coil.

  • Use coil cleaner: For stubborn dirt, apply coil cleaner following the manufacturer’s instructions.

  • Check the coils for damage: Ensure that the fins are not bent or damaged. If they are, you can straighten them using a fin comb.

Frequency: Clean the coils once every 6 months or more frequently in dusty or high-traffic areas.

4. Clean the Drain Pan and Condensate Drain

Air conditioners produce moisture as they cool the air, and the excess water drains out through a pan and tube.

• Check the drain pan: Inspect the pan for any debris or mold. Clean it with a damp cloth or mild cleaner.

• Clear the drain tube: The drain line should be free of clogs to ensure water flows properly. You can flush the drain tube with warm water or use a wet/dry vacuum to suck out any blockages.

Frequency: Check the drain pan and condensate drain line every 2 to 3 months to prevent clogs and water damage.

5. Check the Fan Blades

The fan blades inside the air conditioner help circulate the cool air. Over time, dust can build up on the blades, which affects airflow.

• Inspect the blades: Look for any debris, dirt, or damage.

• Clean the blades: Use a soft cloth or a brush to gently clean the blades. Be careful not to bend or damage the fan blades.

Frequency: Clean the fan blades every 6 months or as needed.

6. Inspect the Insulation

Check the insulation around the refrigerant lines and the unit’s edges for damage or wear. Proper insulation is crucial for energy efficiency and to prevent moisture buildup inside the unit.

• Inspect for damage: Look for cracked or damaged foam insulation, especially around the pipes.

• Replace damaged insulation: If you find any damage, replace it to ensure the unit works efficiently.

Frequency: Inspect insulation at least once a year.

7. Check the Refrigerant Levels (Contact a Professional)

Low refrigerant levels can cause your window AC to work inefficiently or not cool properly. Checking refrigerant levels requires a professional, but you can look for signs of refrigerant problems.

• Signs of low refrigerant: If the AC is blowing warm air, there’s frost on the coils, or it’s making unusual noises, it could be low on refrigerant.

• Call a professional: If you suspect a refrigerant issue, contact a licensed technician to inspect and recharge the refrigerant.

Frequency: Have a professional check refrigerant levels every 2 to 3 years or if you notice cooling issues. Unless you perform all other steps and still have issues this step isnt required.

8. Clean the Exterior of the Unit

The exterior of the window AC should also be cleaned regularly to prevent dirt buildup.

• Wipe down the outer surfaces: Use a damp cloth to wipe down the outer casing of the unit.

• Check the exterior vents: Make sure that the exterior vent is not blocked by dirt, leaves, or other debris.

Frequency: Clean the exterior every few months, especially if the unit is exposed to dust or outdoor elements.

9. Ensure Proper Airflow Around the Unit

Proper airflow is essential for efficient operation.

• Check for obstructions: Ensure there are no objects blocking the intake or exhaust vents of the unit.

• Clear the area: Keep the area around the unit free of furniture, curtains, or other items that may obstruct airflow.

Frequency: Check for airflow issues monthly.

10. Test the AC

Once you have finished the maintenance steps, plug the unit back in and test it.

• Turn on the AC: Set the unit to the cooling mode and allow it to run for a few minutes.

• Check the temperature: Make sure the air coming out is cool and that the unit is operating normally.

• Listen for unusual noises: Pay attention to any strange sounds that might indicate a problem, such as grinding, rattling, or buzzing.

Summary Checklist:

1. Turn off the power.

2. Clean or replace the air filter.

3. Clean the evaporator and condenser coils.

4. Clear the drain pan and condensate drain line.

5. Inspect and clean the fan blades.

6. Check and replace any damaged insulation.

7. Check refrigerant levels (if needed).

8. Clean the exterior of the unit.

9. Ensure proper airflow around the unit.

10. Test the AC to ensure it’s working properly.

Conclusion:

Be prepared before the temperature outside starts to become a problem for the temperature inside. By performing these maintenance tasks regularly, your window air conditioner will run more efficiently, and have a longer lifespan.